This document will help you troubleshoot your Windows related Volume Shadow Copy Service errors and is for informational purposes only. Because some of the suggestions are system related tweaks and registry setting changes, backup software cannot assume any responsibility for your system stability. Please use at your own risk.
Symptoms of a Volume Shadow Copy Malfunction
> Very long (or seemingly indefinite) VSS snapshot generation time with intensive hard drive activity.
> VSS errors reported in the Event Viewer (click start and search Event Viewer in search box to open)
> VSS errors reported by Microsoft's Volume Shadow Copy tool vssadmin
> VSS fails to create snapshots.
> Errors such as "The writer vetoed the shadow copy creation process"
VSS Repair Strategy #1
Reboot. For some reason, servers that haven't been rebooted in a while cause VSS to malfunction. This resolves the issue many times. You may also run the C:\Program Files\backup software Advanced\bin\RegisterVSS.bat to re-register the service with VSS.
VSS Repair Strategy #2
1. Open vssadmin from the command line (run cmd as administrator).
2. Enter vssadmin delete shadows /all to clean up any dead VSS snapshots. Some defect systems accumulate hundreds of VSS snapshots that persist in the system and cause Windows to become unresponsive.
3. Enter vssadmin list writers and check for errors. If you receive any errors for one VSS writer, you may need to fix that particular VSS writer. It is common to receive writer errors caused by Microsoft's Virtual Server 2005 VSS writer.
If you see a VSS writer error, try the following:
> Restart the services: COM+ System Application Service, Distributed Transaction Coordinator Service, and Volume Shadow Copy Service and also restart the affected VSS writer service, for example Virtual Server 2005 VSS writer or Hyper-V VSS writer.
> Check the Event Viewer for any additional error information logged by that VSS writer. Run again vssadmin list writers to check if the above resolved the problem. If it didn't follow with the next strategy below:
VSS Repair Strategy #3
> Check if the Volume Shadow Copy service is started, try restarting the service:
> Click 'Start', and then click 'Control Panel'. Click 'Administrative Tools', and then double-click the 'Services' snap-in.
> Check for 'Volume Shadow Copy'.
> Also, restart the following services on the affected machine:
COM+ Event System Service
COM+ System Application Service
Remote Advancedcedure Call (PRC) Service
MS Software Shadow Copy Advancedvider Service
VSS Repair Strategy #4
Windows 7 / 2008: Re-register the Volume Shadow Copy Service:
- Please download the 'RegisterVSS2010.zip' file by downloading the attached zip at the bottom.
- Extract the zip file to ${Install-Home}\bin
- Execute the extracted script file.
Reboot the machine.
VSS Repair Strategy #5
Uninstall all backup software on your computer, including Windows Backup if it's installed. You don't need to uninstall backup software because backup software doesn't contain or install any VSS writers; however, we have seen VSS writers of other backup software manufacturers cause system instability and errors.
After all other backup tools have been uninstalled, open the Registry Editor (regedit) as administrator and check the following branch:
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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\VSS\Providers |
Underneath that key you should only find Microsoft Software Shadow Copy Advancedvider 1.0 and no other VSS writer. If you do find another, it may be a residual registry entry of a previous backup software installation. You can save the entry by exporting the entire registry to a file (right click and select Export) and then it's safe to delete the entire branch entry underneath:
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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\VSS\Provider |
Then reboot and try again running vssadmin list writers to confirm the problem has been resolved.
VSS Repair Strategy #6
On some systems, the command vssadmin delete shadows isn't available. In Windows XP that's okay because VSS snapshots can't be persistent on XP (a reboot will get rid off them); however, on Vista you need to delete old shadows using:
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vssadmin Resize ShadowStorage /For=C: /On=C: /MaxSize=300MB |
300MB is usually the smallest amount you can specify and will effectively delete any existing VSS snapshots on your system.
If you don't get any VSS writer errors when using vssadmin list writers but the system isn't able to create a new VSS snapshot (and you have deleted all existing snapshots), then you may have to actually increase the max shadow storage size on your system. Use the previous command with a greater number, such as 10GB:
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vssadmin Resize ShadowStorage /For=C: /On=C: /MaxSize=10GB |
Note that it is also possible to allocate shadow copy storage space on a different drive, as along as it's local:
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vssadmin Resize ShadowStorage /For=C: /On=X: /MaxSize=200GB |
VSS Repair Strategy #7
You can try to re-register all VSS and COM+ components by running the following commands from the command prompt as administrator. These instructions for 32-bit systems (may work on 64 bit as well):
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cd /d %windir%\system32Net stop vssNet stop swprvregsvr32 ole32.dllregsvr32 vss_ps.dllVssvc /Registerregsvr32 /i swprv.dllregsvr32 /i eventcls.dllregsvr32 es.dllregsvr32 stdprov.dllregsvr32 vssui.dllregsvr32 msxml.dllregsvr32 msxml3.dllregsvr32 msxml4.dllregsvr32 Vssapi.dllregsvr32 Vssui.dllnet start vssnet start swprv |
Execute these instructions for 64-bit systems:
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Net stop vssNet stop swprvregsvr32.exe /i %windir%\system32\eventcls.dllregsvr32.exe /i %windir%\system32\swprv.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\system32\vssui.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\vss_ps.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\msxml.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\msxml2.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\msxml3.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\msxml4.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\ole32.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\oleaut32.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\es.dllregsvr32.exe %windir%\SysWOW64\comsvcs.dllvssvc /registernet start swprvnet start vss |
VSS Repair Strategy #8
If the PC or server you are using is a virtual machine host, you need to install the latest VMware Tools (for VMware), Virtual Machine Additions (Virtual Server), or Hyper-V Integration Services (for Hyper-V and Windows Server 2008) on each virtual machine. Try updating them if you have them installed already. Outdated integration services can cause various VSS errors.
VSS Repair Strategy #9
Your computer may have a corrupt COM+ subscription information. Open the registry editor (regedit) and navigate to:
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HKLM\Software\Microsoft\EventSystem\{26c409cc-ae86-11d1-b616-00805fc79216} |
Then delete the Subscriptions key and reboot the machine. A subsequent call in the command prompt should show no more errors: vssadmin list writers. This VSS repair strategy appears to work well when the System Writer is reporting an error. The Event Viewer may be reporting this or a similar error:
Writer Class Id: {e8132975-6f93-4464-a53e-1050253ae220}
Writer Name: System Writer
Writer Instance ID: {34162f4c-59ff-468e-848d-cb4b3d8dd7dc}
VSS Repair Strategy #10
Remove or uninstall all backup software on your computer. backup software backup software doesn't need to be removed because it doesn't add a VSS writer to your system. Other products, however, do add a VSS writer which may be causing the problem. You may receive this error:
Volume Shadow Copy Service error: A critical component required by the Volume Shadow Copy service is not registered. This might happened if an error occurred during Windows setup or during installation of a Shadow Copy provider. The error returned from CoCreateInstance on class with CLSID {faf53cc4-bd73-4e36-83f1-2b23f46e513e} and Name VSSEvent is [0x80040154]
Several users reported that after uninstalling Acronis this error message disappeared.
VSS Repair Strategy #11
Try uninstalling the virtualization tool you're using (Microsoft Virtual Server, Hyper-V, VMware, etc.) one-by-one, then run backup software's VSS test to see if the problem persists. Try rebooting after uninstalling it before running the test. On some machines, this strategy worked when everything else failed. Once you get VSS working again properly, install the virtualization platform again from scratch and retest VSS.
VSS Repair Strategy #12
Install the latest Service Packs and Updates through Windows Update.
Check Microsoft's Support for hot fixes and other updates to repair VSS.
VSS Repair Strategy #13 (VSS Error Code 0x800423f3)
If the VSS error code 0x800423f3 is reported, the reason is a corrupt state of WMI (wmiutils.dll). This may happen if a registry cleaner was used or a third-party application was uninstalled incorrectly. What you need to do is re-register wmiutils.dll and then restart the WMI service.
In the command prompt, execute the following three lines (note that stopping the WMI service does NOT stop VMs, it only stops the management service):
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net stop winmgmtregsvr32 wmiutils.dllnet start winmgmt |
After that you should start up the Hyper-V Management Service again if needed. Another cause for this error: You may need to update your Hyper-V virtual machine integration services inside of each VM when you come across this error. See http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd582376(v=WS.10).aspx. Check the vmguest.iso date / time you have in your system folder. You may have different versions of the Hyper-V Integration Services CD on your system. There have been bug reports indicating that Hyper-V uses the wrong ISO file when the VM Action menu is used to install the Integration Services. Try attaching the ISO manually and use the latest vmguest.iso in your system folder. On Windows Server 2008 (not R2), also check this hotfix: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/971394
Attached files: RegisterVSS2010.zip
